The lift force on deformable and freely moving bubbles in linear shear flows

This paper provides a comprehensive explanation for the lift force acting on freely deformable bubble rising in linear shear flow and examines how scales with undisturbed rate cases governed by different mechanisms. Four distinct mechanisms are identified from previous studies, associated bubble-induced vorticity dynamics outlined. We provide theoretical framework to qualitatively explain terms of moments vorticity. support our three-dimensional multiphase direct numerical simulations illustrate four generate force. These findings behaviour wide range relevant governing parameters. Additionally, simulation results show differently rate, depending dominating mechanism. indicate that should, general, be accounted highly viscous flows (low Galilei numbers) or at significant deformations (moderate-to-high Eötvös when modelling coefficient.